become a kind of inevitable modern political civilization

Words although say tactful, no zhang zhidong so metaphorizing the insist, but for civil rights, but not moved.

A: zhang peng yuan HeQi professor had been so evaluation HuLiYuan in modern China MBT Sini r with the status of parliamentary political philosophy evolution in what, hu, "combined with the senate, right there, is the meaning of its landmark theory of house again. Then the house breakthrough cornwell, cannot but emphasize rights; talk about rights, will demand a house of parliamentary politics, Chinese, appear to have more momentum." In other words, since then, the talk parliamentary politics in modern China, already cannot ignore the parliamentary political freedom, civil rights idea behind. Parliamentary politics is no longer a mere political tool, and become a kind of inevitable modern political civilization.
Epilogue: political speculators kang youwei make parliamentary political road missed in late qing dynasty
In 1840, xu after she simply introduces parliamentary politics; 30 years later, with the hope ZhangShuSheng parliamentary politics to fix and save long ineffective striving to become strong reform; Until the 1890s, countries gradually truly understand talent the true meaning of the parliamentary system - it is not a can simply transplant political tool, but a need to seriously study the political civilization.

The 1890s in modern China, which has become the most possible era of parliamentary politics. Professor with a: zhang peng yuan, is "defending the words of the concept of open congress in 1890s roughly is ripe". I898 flag-bearer kang MBT Kimondo youwei in 1884 - seven times between 1898, successively calling for political reform, proclaiming the ching court, including four times are key to mention close to open house, think China congress or the word of self-improvement guru, must "many legends in three generations, outside, and made do something powers constitution, and open congress". But from the start, kang youwei fifth petitioned parliament or congress, that kept quiet about the open system to efforts to persuade the emperor bureau. In the description of the "in, kang maozhi even said, there was secretary to the emperor opened parliament, dramaturgic scripts request recursive instigating the emperor is rejected the proposal.

After the failure, kang you-wei has reform against yourself why explained parliamentary political, reason is: "old party surplus at open houses, forced tucked", but "take disorderly way", even if finally opened up, "house also ACTS save earned just", even more, China's "intelligence", offer house before opening the condition is not mature.

Kang plea was weak. Because he used to replace the institutions, mbt shoes usa is a congress called "system bureau" things. The agency's properties, is headquarters of the reform of qing dynasty; Consists of twelve special branch, responsible for various reform matters, place criterion with new political situation are open civil affairs bureau, implement the New Deal. According to the historian HuangZhang rehabilitation understand: open system innings, is in attempt to sidestep state since kang youwei all central to local administrative agencies - since the "old party surplus, then stuffed open congress and open system innings, which recruit of resistance will be bigger?

The real reason is: by the emperor of kang youwei summoned - kang in both up and down to the parliamentary political propaganda, advocate for civil rights, hope to the monarchy and promoting civil rights constraint reform; Be summoned MBT Sawaby the favour of monarchy, after abandon civil rights and, hence, ignoring the congress in mind to do DiShi and open system innings. This, in other places can also see: the emperor, kang you-wei quickly summoned after his hands in the organization who advocate of civil rights work for "honour GaiCuan sentence of holy helped teach" remarks.

A reform leader, no firm political philosophy, can always potential unrest and personal as well as optional change their politics, such person, total but just a political speculators. In this years before 1898 whipping-boy kang youwei who advocate parliament and civil rights comments, or its however is in the cast a political fashion just, the civil rights and political have never MBT Shugulieally become kang youwei's political beliefs. China failed to finish in the 1890s parliamentary political and, after that, better time never arrived.